Stefanija Leshkova - Zelenkovska
Distribution of the Database Results on Music Events in Skopje 2004
During 2004, in the frames of more projects done by the Institute for Researching and Archiving Music IRAM, we have completed a research in which we registered all music events what took place in the central Skopje area. We presented you a part of this research on previous conferences, when we presented you our pilot research and method used to create fields in our database, as well as results for economics parameters for the first half of the year. In this text, we will present you the research final results, based on the fields in our database.
In this database, collected in 2004 for the central Skopje area, we have registered 584 music events in total. These public performances were followed by 350 540 visitors.
Your results in each category of this database will be presented to you separately with table and graphics presentations. Doing this, we will sometimes apply the method of crossing and grouping in making frequent distributions according to sub-category of the particular field.
1. Distribution of music genres
The first field presented results received according to genre distribution. From twelve sub-groups based on the music genres, we have obtained the following data presented on the table and graph No. 1:
|
Genre |
Number of music events |
% |
|
1. Classical music |
225 |
38 |
|
2. Spiritual music |
12 |
2 |
|
3. Pop music |
45 |
8 |
|
4. Rock music |
30 |
5 |
|
5. Folk (ethno) music |
30 |
5 |
|
6. New folk music |
9 |
2 |
|
7. Jazz |
39 |
7 |
|
8. Children music |
36 |
6 |
|
9. Electronic music |
117 |
20 |
|
10. Modern ballet |
13 |
2 |
|
11. Multiple genres events |
28 |
5 |
|
Total |
584 |
100 |
Table No.1
This field, as we can see from the table no.1, shows domination of art music events. Their frequency is 38% in the total distribution of genre sub-groups. We could tell that these results were expected, because the dominant medium of this particular genre are concerts.
According to its frequency, events including electronic music keep the second place (including Dee Ð Jay performances and sets including this music genre). These public performances take 20% of genre distribution of our database.
As we have previously mentioned in the database description, we recorded public pop and rock performances as different music genres. We need this data because of information needed for other database fields. Considering the fact that border between these two genres in very blurred, we can consider them together in the total genre distribution. That is why pop-rock concerts keep the third place in this field, with 13%.
Graph No. 1
In this field, as it is presented in Table No. 1 and graphics presentations, the minimal presentation belongs to the spiritual performances and the modern ballet (almost negligible, with 2 % percents).
2. Distribution according structure
In this, second field, for recording the structure of music events, we meet a broad variety of group music performers. It was the reason why we grouped the data in 11th categories. The results we got are presented in the following table:
|
Structure of music event |
Number of realized music events |
% |
|
1. Solo/Sextet |
158 |
27 |
|
2.Chamber ensemble |
27 |
5 |
|
3. Symphonic orchestra |
46 |
8 |
|
4. Vocal-instrumental |
29 |
4 |
|
5. Pop-rock band |
84 |
14 |
|
6. Ensemble of folk/classical instruments |
29 |
5 |
|
7. Record with soloist, choir, dance, |
56 |
10 |
|
8. Matrix ÐDJ |
103 |
18 |
|
9. Choir (with soloist) |
13 |
2 |
|
10. Big Band |
3 |
0 |
|
11.Children choir, soloist, (record) |
36 |
6 |
|
Total |
584 |
100 |
Table No.2
As we can see from the data showed in the table No. 2, the largest number of events (158 or 27%) according to the structure based on the number of performers was categorised in solo to sextet category. This category registered all solo performances, duo, trio, quartet, quintet and sextet performances, from all music genres. Pop and rock bands create a different category and they participate with 84 events or 14% in the total number of music performances what took place in the central city area.
This distribution is correlated with genres distribution where we presented that the biggest number of events belongs to the category of art music. To this relation to genre and structure, we will add data about the camera ensembles, symphony orchestra and vocal-instrumental ensembles what, taken together, make 17 % of the total number of events.
According to the structure, the second place of the total number of public events belongs to the electronic music, with 18%. Performances of soloists, choirs, dancers performing on matrix or recorded music are present with 10% in the total number of 584 events during 2004.
Distribution data according to the structure of musical events is presented below, in the graph No. 2.
Graph No.2
3. Distribution according type of music events
We will show you distribution of events according to the kind of the musical event and public performance in the third field. In this field, we have nine groups what were result of following of the musical events in the central city area in 2004.
As showed on the table No.3, the largest number of events, (according to the kind of musical event) (are in the group of the all evening concerts (281 or 48%). The festival evenings are the second sub-group and its percentage makes 16 % of the total number of events. This sub-group, consider festival evenings only, regardless the number of events what took place during the above-mentioned evening. (For example, DMM or Skopje's Jazz Fest, with more concerts during the one festival evening). This data is the result of the fact that there are traditional festivals in all genres what are supported with years; the last time, there is tendency to collect all concerts in one festival project for financial reasons. From the other side, this number would be bigger several years age, due to more festivals what were abolished again for financial reasons.
|
Type of music events |
Number of realized music events |
% |
|
1. Concert |
281 |
48 |
|
2. Opera |
27 |
5 |
|
3. Classical ballet |
15 |
3 |
|
4. Modern ballet |
14 |
3 |
|
5. Oratorio |
2 |
0 |
|
6. FestivalÕs evening |
94 |
16 |
|
7. DJ Performance |
46 |
7 |
|
8. Performance |
37 |
6 |
|
9. Review performance |
68 |
12 |
|
Total |
584 |
100 |
Table.No.3
As showed in the table and graphic presentation No. 3,
review
performances are presented with 12 %.
Graph No.3
4. Distribution of music events according months
In this field we showed distribution of the musical events according the months they were performed. With this distribution, we would like to present that some months show increased frequency of music events in difference to some other months, when the offer of these kind of events is minimal. Graph No. 4 shows that the largest number of events were held in December (92 or 15%) and the smallest number of events (11 or only 1%) were held in August. This data is consequence of the fact that December is the last month of the year and that all concerts what were planned and financially supported should be kept. Also, the activities of the musical consumers are increased due to the forthcoming holidays. From the other side, the number of visitors in August is very decreased due to holidays. If we exclude open discotheques working with limited number of parties, the lack of suitable concert hall is considered as the basic reason.
Apart from the concentration of the music events per month, we were interested about the distribution of events per days. From collected data, we can prove the lack of cooperation in the creation of the musical life in the city, because there are cases when several interesting events from the same or different genre are offered, followed by days without any music events.
Graph.No.4
5. Distribution according the place
In the fifth field in our database are registered the music events according the place of performance. In this way, we got all public places where were performed music events in 2004.
As a dominant genre in our database, at first we will elaborate places where art music is performed. In the central city area of Skopje, these concerts were held in seven places where this kind of music is traditionally performed.
Public performances and concerts of popular pop music in the central city area have the larger number of places for performance then all other genres. The main reason is the nature of the music genre itself, what allow performance on places what do not satisfy only art criteria. It is just the opposite. The organizer traditionally connects the choice of place for performing the music event with the capacity and the atmosphere of the place for performing that event.
Otherwise, the capacity of halls where the popular concerts are held is from 80 to 16.000 visitors. With initial screening of data shown in the table No. 5, we notice the problem of lack of concert hall in Skopje what will satisfy all standards of specially designed place for performing music in terms of that expression. So, we have the most various data in this field. There are attempts in all genres, excluding art music, to be promoted on concerts on all places for performing music. For example, the rock music performances, alternative genres, jazz music etc., are more interesting if they take place in some new and non-typical ambience. The public performances of art music, as the most numbered in 2004 were held in well-known and renowned musical places as the Macedonian National Theatre (MNT) Salon, the Army Hall, the City of Skopje Museum and similar.
|
Place |
Number of realized concerts |
|
Universal Hall |
79 |
|
Macedonian National Theatre |
64 |
|
Army Hall |
45 |
|
Faculty of Music Hall |
40 |
|
City of Skopje Museum |
28 |
|
Art Gallery |
28 |
|
Salon 19 19/ Culture and Art Centre |
23 |
|
Skopje Fair Halls |
15 |
|
Central square Macedonia |
15 |
|
Theatre of nationalities |
11 |
|
Discotheques, clubs |
105 |
Table No.4
In the table No. 4 is presented only a small share of concert places, with the largest number of concerts per place.
6. Financial support i.e. sponsors of music events
The registered data shows us that organizers of musical events are: institutions financed from the national budget, private-owned management agencies, legations and foreign cultural centres. It was expected result, and, as we can see from the data in Table No. 6, there is domination of organized events financed from the government budget.
|
Financial support |
Number of realized concerts |
% |
|
1. Government budget |
234 |
40 |
|
2. Private managing agencies |
206 |
35 |
|
3. Embassies, cultural centres |
22 |
4 |
|
4. Combined (budget / private) |
122 |
21 |
|
Total |
584 |
|
Table No.5
When the musical events in the central city area were registered during 2004, we had combined organized events i.e. private-owned agency financially supported from budget. As shown in the graph No. 5 these events make 21 % in the total number of public performances.
The foreign embassies and cultural centres make only insignificant 4 % of all music performances.
Graph No.5
7. Distribution according the performed program of the classical music events
We were particularly interested in the structure of the performed music programme. So, we have classified the music events not only according their genre structure, but we used stylistic classification too. Our intention was to use stylistic classification for all genres, but very often we did not have opportunity to get detailed program and it was the reason why this data was limited to the frames of general genre. In addition to this, the performances and concerts of the popular or rock music, alternative and jazz music have much more compositions in the programme concept for all evening performances then classical music has. Also, we sometimes had situations where the performers themselves did not know the detailed information for the pieces. It is why the detailed classification was possible only for the performed programs of art music. The results we got according to the categories of art music follow in the table No. 6:
|
Performed program |
Number of realized music events |
% |
|
1. Baroque |
12 |
4 |
|
2. Classic |
22 |
7 |
|
3. Romanticism |
19 |
7 |
|
4. Impressionism |
10 |
4 |
|
5. Contemporary |
29 |
14 |
|
6. Italian opera composers |
20 |
9 |
|
7. More styles |
128 |
55 |
|
Total |
240 |
100 |
Table
No.6
Graph No.6
As we can see, on 128 or 55% of concert and public performances of art music were represented pieces of more different stylistic periods. Even though in the beginning we had 225 art music events in total, we can see from this table that there were 240 events. This number was increased by registration of combined genres.
The distribution in other styles is almost equal, except for programs where contemporary music is presented with 14 %. This number resulted from the festival ÒDays of Macedonian musicÓ where are performed pieces of contemporary Macedonian authors, then the premiere and several performances of the ballet ÒTashulaÓ by the contemporary Macedonian composer Stojkov.
8. Performers of music events
From 584 public performances and events in total registered during 2004 in the central city area, we got following results when the criterion applied was origin of the performers:
|
Origin of the performers |
Number of realized music events |
% |
|
1. Domestic performers |
309 |
53 |
|
2. Foreign performers |
133 |
23 |
|
3. Combined |
142 |
24 |
|
Total |
584 |
100 |
Table No.7
According to the origin of the performers, the biggest percentage (53%) belongs to the domestic performers. Understandable, on concerts of pop, rock or folk music, registered only bands or ensembles. Events where foreign performers perform individually or together with domestic performers have almost equal distribution with 23% the first and 24% the second kind of event.
Graph No.7
9. Distribution according number of people
attending
During 2004, 350.540 visitors in total visited music events in the central city area of Skopje. A significant number of them, 86.400 visitors or 25 %, had been visited public musical performances of popular music. In the distribution of this genre, the popular music participated with only 8 % percents in the total distribution. Still, the fact that 32.000 visitors visited only two concerts of the pop-stars, Toshe Proeski and Zdravko Colic, tell us that this kind of music events is visited by the largest number of visitors. To these events, we shall add the New Year concert on the square Macedonia held by the guest Goran Bregovic, what had more then 40.000 visitors. Regarding the occasion of the New Year eve, we divided this public to popular and rock music.
The second place according the number of visitors, belongs to the art music events what participated in the total number of visitors with 20%. Even though this genre had the largest number of music events, the number of visitors still keeps correlation with concert halls capacity where this kind of events is performed, because these halls have limited capacity from 80 to 1200 visitors. (This number of visitors of events of classical music was increased with concerts of the popular pianist Simon Trpcevski, what overcrowded the Universal Hall).
DJ performances and electronic music have equal distribution with number of visitors and genre distribution, and participate in the total number of vents with 20 % and 14 %. We shall add that they are visited by younger population what can visit several discotheques in one evening.
|
Genre |
Number of realized music events |
Attendance |
% |
|
1. Classical music |
225 |
70 800 |
20 |
|
2. Spiritual music |
12 |
3 300 |
1 |
|
3.Pop music |
45 |
85 400 |
26 |
|
4. Rock music |
30 |
29 500 |
7 |
|
5. Folk (ethno) music |
30 |
20 350 |
6 |
|
6. New folk music |
9 |
8 600 |
2 |
|
7. Jazz |
39 |
20 950 |
6 |
|
8. ChildrenÕs music |
36 |
28 820 |
8 |
|
9. Electronic music |
117 |
49 650 |
14 |
|
10.Modern ballet |
13 |
3 320 |
1 |
|
11. More genres |
28 |
29 850 |
9 |
|
Total |
584 |
350540 |
100 |
Table No.8
Distribution according number of people attending
Graph No.8
10. Distribution according ticket price
According data received from our database, the largest number of music events and public performances held in 2004 had ticket price of 100 denars. This fact is also supported with the biggest number of art music concerts according genre distribution, which price is up to 100 denars. Also, the biggest number of events from this genre has free entrance. They are represented in our database with 24 % of the total number of events. The table No. 9 shows the distribution of events according to the price of an entrance ticket:
|
Ticket price |
Number of realized music events |
% |
|
1. Free entrance |
142 |
24 |
|
2. to 100 denars |
111 |
19 |
|
3.to 200 denars |
164 |
28 |
|
4.to 300 denars |
108 |
18 |
|
5.to 400 denars |
44 |
8 |
|
6. over 400 denars |
15 |
3 |
|
Total |
584 |
100 |
Table No.9
Graph No.9
The events with a ticket price up to 200 denars are represented with 28 % and the events with price up to 300 denars, with 18 %. The smallest number of events, with only 3 %, were the events with ticket price of more than 400 denars.
11. Presentation in the press: Utrinski Vesnik, Vest and Dnevnik
The last field of our database shows results of the presentation of music events in the daily newspapers: Utrinski Vesnik, Dnevnik and Vest. The number of events was given simultaneously with the number of journalistic forms of writing:
|
Type of article |
Number of cover events |
Number of forms |
||||
|
Utrinski |
Dnevnik |
Vest |
Utrinski |
Dnevnik |
Vest |
|
|
1. Information |
155 |
155 |
171 |
170 |
158 |
175 |
|
2. Information/ photo news |
175 |
156 |
176 |
196 |
180 |
203 |
|
3. Review |
16 |
22 |
27 |
20 |
245 |
27 |
|
4. Interview |
3 |
6 |
8 |
3 |
6 |
3 |
|
5. More forms |
93 |
76 |
82 |
251 |
196 |
223 |
|
6. Not covered |
142 |
169 |
120 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
Table No.10
As shown in the Table No. 10, the most present form of presentation in the daily newspapers is information (extended information, information/photo news). The largest number of music events were presented in the media with this journalistic form.
The smallest number of events was presented with a review.